البيانات والإحصاء

المواضيع الفرعية

Ratios, rates, and proportional reasoning

Setting up proportions, unit conversion, scale models, and working with rates in context.

Percentages

Percent increase/decrease, percent of a total, finding the original value, and multi-step percentage problems.

Probability

Basic probability, conditional probability, and probability from two-way tables.

Statistical concepts

Mean, median, mode, range, and standard deviation. Choosing appropriate measures of center and spread.

Data interpretation

Reading scatterplots, histograms, bar charts, and two-way frequency tables.

mean = Σx / n

P(A) = favorable / total (probability)

part / whole × 100 (percentage)

New = Original × (1 ± r/100) (percent change)

A = P(1 + r/n)^(nt) (compound interest)

For two-way tables, re-read the question to confirm row rate, column rate, or total rate.
Median is more useful than mean when outliers are present.
Percent of percent problems: convert each percent to a decimal and multiply.
For scatterplots, line of best fit questions often just ask you to read a y-value at a given x.