Subtopics

01

Area and volume

Area of triangles, rectangles, circles, trapezoids. Volume of boxes, cylinders, cones, and spheres.

02

Lines, angles, and triangles

Parallel lines cut by a transversal, angle sum in triangles, similar and congruent triangles, the Triangle Inequality.

03

Right triangle trigonometry

SOH-CAH-TOA, 30-60-90 and 45-45-90 special triangles, the Pythagorean theorem.

04

Circles

Circumference, area, arc length, sector area, central angles, and inscribed angles.

05

Coordinate geometry

Distance and midpoint formulas, the equation of a circle (x−h)²+(y−k)²=r², parabolas in the coordinate plane.

Key formulas

a² + b² = c² (Pythagorean theorem)
A = ½bh (area of a triangle)
A = πr² (area of a circle)
C = 2πr (circumference)
L = (θ/360) × 2πr (arc length)
V = πr²h (volume of a cylinder)
sin θ = opp/hyp, cos θ = adj/hyp, tan θ = opp/adj
30-60-90: x, x√3, 2x | 45-45-90: x, x, x√2
See full formula sheet →

Test-taking tips

  • Draw and label diagrams for every geometry problem — even when one is already provided.

  • Memorize 30-60-90 and 45-45-90 ratios; they appear in nearly every test.

  • Arc length and sector area are proportional to the central angle divided by 360.

  • For right-triangle trig, the key is correctly identifying opposite, adjacent, and hypotenuse relative to the reference angle.